Acetyl coenzyme A
MolecularEntityThe metabolic convergence point where glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid catabolism each deliver a two-carbon acetyl unit.
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13 entities found starting with A Clear filters
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Acetyl Hexapeptide-8
ChemicalSubstanceA biomimetic neuro-modulatory peptide that reduces expression lines by competing with the SNARE complex, offering a non-invasive alternative to botulinum toxin.
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Acid mantle
BiologicalProcessThe dynamically maintained acidic pH environment of the stratum corneum. Controls ceramide processing, desquamation timing, antimicrobial defence, and microbiome composition simultaneously.
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Acid sphingomyelinase
ProteinThe enzyme that converts sphingomyelin to ceramide via the sphingomyelinase pathway. Active in both lamellar body secretion and UV-induced keratinocyte stress signalling.
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Acne vulgaris
MedicalConditionA chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit producing follicular hyperkeratinisation, seborrhoea, C. acnes phylotype dysbiosis, and immune activation.
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Adipocyte
AnatomicalStructureAdipocytes are energy‑storing endocrine cells that release fatty acids and adipokines to regulate metabolism, inflammation, and whole‑body metabolic health.
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Agouti-related peptide
ProteinThe hypothalamic neuropeptide that drives sustained food-seeking by blocking and actively suppressing melanocortin-4 receptor activity.
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Amino acid
ChemicalSubstanceThe molecular building blocks from which every structural and functional protein in the skin is assembled. Collagen, elastin, keratin, and filaggrin are all amino acid sequences.
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AMP-activated protein kinase
BiologicalProcessThe cell's master energy sensor: a heterotrimeric kinase that detects rising AMP:ATP ratios and systematically switches metabolism from anabolic to catabolic programmes.
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Anagen
BiologicalProcessActive hair growth phase lasting 2-7 years; normally 85-90% of your follicles are in this growth-producing state.
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Androgenetic alopecia
MedicalConditionProgressive genetic hair loss where follicles gradually miniaturise, shortening growth phases and producing finer, thinner hairs.
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Antimicrobial peptides
BioChemEntityEndogenous peptides that defend against microbes yet can drive inflammation, acting as antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and microbiome‑shaping signals.
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Arachidonic acid
MolecularEntityThe terminal pro-inflammatory omega-6 fatty acid, produced from DGLA. Feeds the eicosanoid pathways that drive vasodilation, immune cell recruitment, and inflammatory skin conditions.